Punching machines are developed for high flexibility and efficient metal processing. Normally, the punching equipment consists of two pieces of tool: one for the punches and another for the dies.
What is the punching machine?
These machines are usually equipped with a linear matrix carrier (tool holders) and quick change tools. The numerical computerized punching (CNC) is a manufacturing process of sheet metal that is made by CNC punching machines. These machines can be a single head design and tool rail or turret design of multiple tools.
How does punching machines work?
A punching machine works like a paper drill. The punch presses the paper against the drilling stand and finally into a round opening. Scrap metal from the perforation accumulates in the drilling container. The punching works in exactly the same way: the sheet is placed between the punch and the matrix.
The work pieces are programmed and the lengths of the bars are entered, the control automatically calculates the maximum number of pieces to be punched (for example, 18 pieces of a 6000 mm bar). Once the desired number of work pieces is entered, the bar is pushed towards the stop. The punching machine is completely automated once the production process starts.
Then the third axis of the CNC (CNC is the abbreviation of Computer Numerically Controlled) always moves the cylinder exactly on the tool, which minimizes the wear of the bearings and tools. All the pieces are sent by a slat conveyor and pushed laterally on a table. Any scrap is carried to the end of the conveyor and dropped into a container.
There are many different types, makes and models of hand-held punching machine, and each one may be more suited for use on a particular material or specific task.
Punching pliers
There are basic hand-held punching machines available such as punching pliers. They typically have steel arms and jaws with soft-grip rubber handles and a heat-treated hardened steel punch that is screwed in to its uppermost jaw and held tightly in place with a nut. Spare punches of various sizes and shapes are available.
Rotary punch pliers
Rotary punch pliers have steel arms and jaws, the upper jaw having a rotating steel drum with six punches of increasing sizes attached to it. The typical sizes include: 2, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4 and 5mm. (5/64, 3/32, 7/64, 1/8, 5/32 and 3/16 in) though these may differ from model to model.
Industrial punching machines
There are many types of industrial hand-held punching machines available. Though their chief function remains the same (to punch holes) each may have qualities that make them better suited to a specific material or task. They are generally considered more heavy-duty tools than their domestic counterparts.
Pressed steel punching machines
There are punching machines that have pressed steel bodies, soft-grip rubber handles, a depth gauge and a selection of interchangeable hardened steel punches and dies of varying sizes. These types of punching machine are typically more expensive than the forged steel varieties.
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